It has been suggested that the use of oral contraceptives near to the time of conception may be associated with an increased risk of some congenital anomalies. Now a study using Canadian data has indicated that oral contraceptive use at this time may increase the risk of low birthweight and pre-term birth.
The study included 1,540 pregnant women who had used oral contraceptives within 3 months of their last menstrual period and 6,108 controls unexposed to oral contraceptives. Oral contraceptive use within 30 days before the last menstrual period significantly increased the risk of very low birthweight (<1,500 g) 3.2-fold, of low birthweight (<2,500 g) by 93% and of preterm birth (<37 weeks) by 61%. Oral contraceptive use during the period 31–90 days before the last menstrual period did not increase these risks.
Use of oral contraceptives in the month before the last menstrual period increases the risks of low birthweight and preterm birth.
Chen X-K, et al. Recent oral contraceptive use and adverse birth outcomes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009;144:40–43.
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